A solar greenhouse uses the energy of the sun to raise the indoor temperature in a plastic greenhouse or glass house to meet the temperature requirements for plant growth, so people often call it an artificial greenhouse.
Basic Information
Solar greenhouses are built based on the principle of greenhouse effect.
The long-wave radiation emitted after the temperature in the greenhouse rises can block heat or very little heat is lost to the outside through glass or plastic film. The heat loss of the greenhouse is mainly through convection and heat conduction. If people take measures such as sealing and insulation, this part of the heat loss can be reduced.
If a heat storage device is installed indoors, this part of the excess heat can be stored.
At night, when there is no solar radiation, the solar greenhouse will still emit heat to the outside. At this time, the greenhouse is in a cooling state. In order to reduce heat dissipation, an insulation layer should be added to the outside of the greenhouse at night. If there is a heat storage device in the greenhouse, the heat stored during the day can be released at night to ensure the minimum humidity of the greenhouse at night.
In northern China, solar greenhouses can also be combined with biogas utilization devices to increase pool temperature and increase gas production. For example, the three-in-one solar greenhouse in the Northeast, designed and constructed by Dezhou Huayuan New Energy Company, includes functions such as solar greenhouse planting-biogas heating-residential heating, etc., which brings comfort and warmth to winter life in the northern region.
Classification of solar greenhouses
1. According to the purpose:
Exhibition greenhouse, cultivation and production greenhouse, propagation greenhouse
2. According to the indoor greenhouse:
High temperature greenhouse (generally 18-36℃ in winter), medium temperature greenhouse (12-25℃ in winter), low temperature greenhouse (5-20℃ in winter), cold room (0-15℃ in winter)
3. According to the combination of solar energy and greenhouse:
Passive solar greenhouse, active solar greenhouse
4. According to the structure of the greenhouse:
Earth greenhouse, brick-wood greenhouse, concrete greenhouse, steel or non-ferrous metal greenhouse, indoor greenhouse
5. According to the transparent structural material of the greenhouse:
Glass window greenhouse, plastic film greenhouse, greenhouse of other transparent materials
6. According to the orientation and shape of the greenhouse:
South-facing greenhouse, east-west greenhouse
Huayuan New Energy Application Technology Research Institute researches and develops active solar houses (solar greenhouses), which is to change the passive heat storage characteristics of ordinary passive solar houses, and take the initiative to use solar energy for temperature collection, heating, heat preservation and air conditioning to ensure the implementation of various indicators such as temperature and humidity required indoors. Huayuan New Energy Engineering Company uses solar energy equipment to realize temperature collection, heating, steam transmission, etc., and is equipped with automatic devices to modernize and automate agricultural production.
Active solar houses are the main development direction of solar thermal utilization technology. They have a very broad application prospect in agricultural production. Compared with traditional passive solar houses, due to their passive heat collection, the temperature is difficult to control. Sometimes, due to the high temperature, some heat must be released artificially to meet the needs of plant growth. At night, due to the lack of heat storage equipment, it is impossible to keep warm and affect the growth of plants and animals. The application of active solar houses reflects the great value of solar energy high-tech, thus solving the problems of constant temperature, constant humidity and intelligent control and management that traditional passive solar houses cannot solve at all.
Solar greenhouses are also very important for the breeding industry (including poultry, livestock, aquatic products, etc.). They can not only shorten the growth period, but also have obvious effects on increasing the reproduction rate and reducing the mortality rate. Therefore, solar greenhouses have become an indispensable technical equipment for the modernization of China’s agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery. The solar greenhouse project undertaken by Huayuan New Energy Engineering Company can also be combined with biogas utilization devices in the north to increase the pool temperature and increase the gas production rate.
